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Rudy Lyobard

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Team engineer or technician have experience and expertise, uses control panel to control the operation of the robot arm system welding work piece and control quality in operate process work at heavy industry. Smart industry robot arms for production line.

4 Laser Marking Safety Best Practices

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Laser marking is a valuable technology that has revolutionized product labeling and customization. However, like any powerful tool, lasers can be dangerous if not handled with care. Just as you wouldn’t give a chainsaw to someone without proper training, you shouldn’t use a laser without understanding its potential risks.

From relatively harmless Class 1 lasers to powerful Class IV devices, each laser type has its own unique hazards. Implementing comprehensive safety measures is important to protect workers and prevent accidents. This includes engineering controls, training programs, protective equipment, and regular maintenance. 

By prioritizing safety, we can create a safer workplace and help maintain smooth and uninterrupted operation of laser marking equipment.

 

Understanding Laser Classes and Their Hazards

Laser classifications are governed by standards like the U.S. FDA’s Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH) and the International Electrotechnical Commision (IEC). These standards categorize lasers based on their potential hazards, such as the power output and wavelength of the laser beam. 

The FDA’s 21 CFR 1040.10 regulates performance and labeling requirements, while IEC 60825 is often used globally to assess safety risks. These guidelines help determine the proper usage of lasers, protective measures, and labeling requirements.

Class 1: Minimum or No Hazard

Class 1 lasers are the safest, typically found in everyday devices like barcode scanners and DVD players. They have low output power with beams less than .39 milliwatts (mW).

They’re designed to be harmless during regular use, and you won’t need any special protection when operating them. However, it’s important to maintain the equipment properly, as altering the device could make the laser more dangerous.

 

Class 1M

The subcategory of Class 1. While Class 1M lasers are generally safe for direct viewing, they can become hazardous when used with optical instruments like binoculars or telescopes.

This is because these instruments can concentrate the laser beam, increasing its intensity and potentially causing eye damage. 

Class 1M lasers operate within a wavelength range of 302.5 nanometers (nm) to 4,000 nm.

 

Class 2: Low Risk but Caution with Direct Exposure

Class 2 lasers are considered low-power devices, typically emitting visible light with a power output of less than 1 mW. They are often compared to laser pointers, which are examples of Class II lasers.

While direct exposure to a Class 2 laser beam can cause discomfort or a temporary feeling of “spots” in the vision, they are not typically considered a serious threat to eye health as long as people avoid staring directly into the beam for extended periods.

 

Class 2M

Class 2M lasers are a subcategory of Class 2 lasers. While both are generally safe for direct viewing due to the human eye’s natural blinking reflex, Class 2M lasers can become hazardous when viewed through optical instruments, similarly to Class 1M. 

The human blinking reflex is not fast enough to protect the retina from this concentrated laser beam. Therefore, it is crucial to wear appropriate eye protection when using Class 2M lasers with optical instruments.

 

Class 3: Eye and Skin Injury Risks

Things get more serious with Class III lasers. They come in two types in IIIa and IIIb: 

  • Class 3a: Intermediate-powered continuous wave (CW) lasers, typically ranging from 1 to 5 milliwatts. Despite being relatively safe for short exposures, prolonged direct viewing can pose a risk to the eyes. The concentrated laser beam can deliver sufficient energy to the retina, potentially causing damage.

Examples: Laser levels and rangefinders

  • Class 3b: Higher-powered CW lasers with an output power ranging from 5 to 500 milliwatts. These lasers can pose a significant risk to both the eyes and skin, even with brief exposure. The concentrated laser beam can deliver a substantial amount of energy, potentially causing burns and tissue damage.

Examples: Laser surgery, laser cutting and engraving machines

 

Class 4: High Power, Severe Hazards

Class 4 lasers are the most powerful and the most dangerous. With an output power exceeding 500 milliwatts, they are used in industrial applications like cutting, welding, or even medical surgeries. 

They can cause serious eye and skin injuries with even brief exposure, and because they’re so powerful, even reflected beams can be hazardous. Protective clothing, controlled environments, and strict safety protocols are a must when dealing with these lasers.

 

4 Best Practices for Laser Marking Safety

To create a safe environment around laser marking, it’s important to take a multi-layered approach. From built-in safety measures to proper training and protective gear, these best practices help protect your team and keep operations running smoothly:

  1. Engineering Controls (Interlocks, Shields)
  2. Administrative Controls (Training, Signage, Protocols)
  3. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Requirements
  4. Regular Equipment Maintenance and Safety Checks

1. Engineering Controls

When it comes to laser marking safety, the first line of defense is engineering controls. 

Think of interlocks and shields as your laser system’s safety net. Interlocks automatically power down the laser if safety doors or covers are opened, preventing accidental exposure. 

Shields or enclosure also play a key role by keeping the laser beam contained and protecting anyone nearby from harmful radiation or particles that may get kicked up during marking.

 

2. Administrative Controls (Training, Signage, Protocols)

Proper training and clear communication are just as important as physical safety measures.

Every operator should know the risks involved and how to handle laser equipment safety. That means hands-on training about the machine and the different classes of lasers. 

Adding clear, easy-to-read safety signs in work areas is another simple yet effective step. These signs should warn everyone of the laser’s presence and remind them to follow safety protocols.

 

3. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Requirements 

The right PPE provides an additional line of defense in case engineering controls or administrative measures aren’t enough. Two of the most important pieces of equipment are:

  • Eye protection: Eye protection is non-negotiable. The right kind of safety glasses should match the laser’s wavelength and offer enough filtering to keep your eyes safe from the beam. Even a brief direct glance at a Class IV laser can cause serious eye damage.
  • Skin Protection: Don’t forget about the rest of your body! Lab coats, gloves, and face shields are your best friends when working with high-powered lasers. These prevent burns and protect against harmful fumes, which are common during laser marking.

4. Regular Equipment Maintenance and Safety Checks:

Keeping your equipment in top shape isn’t just about getting precise marks; it plays a big role in overall safety. Regular checkups—like cleaning lenses, testing interlocks, and realigning beams—help keep your laser system working as intended. 

Over time, dust and debris can affect both the performance and safety of the equipment, leading to potential hazards or inaccuracies. Skipping maintenance can result in malfunctions, like a laser failing to shut off or a misaligned beam creating unsafe conditions for operators.

By sticking to a regular maintenance schedule, you prevent these small issues from growing into bigger, costlier problems. Ultimately, this attention to detail helps maintain safety standards while also extending the life of your equipment.

 

Safety Isn’t Just Recommendation

Laser marking safety involves more than just understanding how the machine works; it’s about taking a comprehensive approach to protect your team. By recognizing the hazards associated with different laser classes, implementing robust safety protocols like engineering controls and proper training, and consistently using the right PPE, you can significantly reduce risks in your workspace.

By following these best practices, you create a safer environment where productivity and safety can go hand in hand.

 

Trust the Experts in Laser Marking Safety

Navigating the complexities of laser safety requires expertise and precision. At Technomark, we specialize in providing advanced laser marking solutions that prioritize both efficiency and safety. With years of experience and cutting-edge technology, we’re here to keep your operations safe and productive. 

Learn how Technomark can support your laser marking needs by visiting our Laser Marking Solutions page. Whether you’re implementing safety protocols or updating your equipment, our team of experts is ready to assist you in every step of the way.

 

Want To Know More About Laser Marking?

Download our latest resource, The Industrial Laser Marking Guide:

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Data Matrix vs QR Codes: Choosing the Right Code For Your Needs

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Have you ever wondered about the small, square barcodes often found on electronic devices, tools, and appliances? While they might resemble QR codes, they’re actually Data Matrix codes, essential components of modern manufacturing processes.

Unlike QR codes, primarily used for consumer-facing applications like websites and social media, Data Matrix codes are designed for efficient data storage and traceability. They’re the only 2D barcodes officially approved by GS1 for regulated healthcare items, emphasizing their reliability and accuracy.

QR codes on the other hand are larger and contain more data, such as website URLs, and can encode information in numeric and alphanumeric form as well as Kanji and other multi-byte character sets. 

No matter what industry, when it comes to industrial traceability for manufacturers, choosing the right type of code can leave a production run riddled with misinformation and the chance of getting lost. 

Let’s break down the differences and similarities between QR and Data Matrix codes and why the latter is the preferred choice of most manufacturers.  

 

QR vs Data Matrix Codes

Understanding the distinctions between QR codes and Data Matrix codes is crucial for manufacturers looking to optimize their processes. Both codes are two-dimensional (2D) barcodes and consist of a pattern of squares that can be read by a barcode scanner. However, there are notable differences in their shape, size, and data capacity.

What is a QR Code?

QR Code

QR codes are two-dimensional barcodes scanned by smartphones or other devices with cameras. They store information in a matrix of black-and-white squares, which can be interpreted to reveal data such as URLs, text, or contact information. Think of them as digital links that can be quickly accessed by simply scanning them with your phone.

 

What is a Data Matrix Code?

Data Matrix CodeData Matrix codes are another type of two-dimensional barcode, but they are smaller and more compact than QR codes. They are often used in industrial settings, such as manufacturing and logistics, because they are highly durable and can be scanned even when damaged or dirty. Data Matrix codes are useful for tracking individual items or components throughout production, ensuring accuracy and efficiency.

 

Direct Part Marking 

While both QR and Data Matrix codes are in the public domain and can be used royalty free, Data Matrix codes have become the standard for anti-counterfeit measures, part identification, and internal tracking because they feature advanced error-correcting techniques that are more robust than QR codes. 

This presents a unique benefit for manufacturers that need to ensure their products can be identified if part of the mark gets damaged or impeded. 

Particularly necessary for complex and high stakes industries such as medical, aerospace, and defense, where hundreds to thousands of components are needed in order to assemble a finished product, Data Matrix codes can be read even if up to 50% of the mark gets damaged. 

QR codes on the other hand have steadily been adopted in consumer-facing applications. These codes can be found everywhere from business cards to product packaging, containing links to websites, resumes, premium offers, and even restaurant menus. 

QR codes have a lower level error-correcting built in, and can be rendered useless with even slight ware and tare. Just 30% of a QR code needs to be damaged before it becomes unreadable. 

While these codes are perfect for consumer-forward use, marking a component or part with a QR code presents a real danger for misidentification pending the mark gets damaged. 

 

Data Matrix vs QR Codes | Uses Cases and Applications

Data Matrix
Supply chain traceability
Anti-counterfeiting through serialization
Part identification
QR code
Additional product information
Usage instructions
Social sharing
Auto-linking for spare ordering and registration
Promotions, contests, and gamification


Specifications of Data Matrix vs QR Codes

While Data Matrix codes are typically reserved for industrial use cases, both types of marks can play a role in the manufacturing industry.

Since both DataMatrix and QR codes are GS1 approved, they can carry any GS1 ID keys including: 

ID Key
Global Trade Item Number (GTIN)
Global Location Number (GLN)
Global Returnable Asset Identifier (GRAI)
Global Individual Asset Identifier (GIAI)
Global Service Relation Number (GSRN)
Component/Part Identifier (CPID)
Global Model Number (GMN)
Used to Identify
Products and services
Parties and locations
Returnable assets
Assets
Service provider
and recipient relationships
Components and parts
Product model
Example
Can of soup, chocolate bar, music album
Companies, warehouses, factories, stores
Pallet cases, crates, totes
Medical, manufacturing, transport and IT equipment
Loyalty scheme members, doctors at a hospital, library members
Automobile parts
Medical device

 

Beyond GS1, specifications and requirements for each code are presented by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). For more about how these codes work themselves, and how to create them, you can check out the relevant ISO standard for more detail.

Requirements for Data Matrix codes are specified under the ISO/IEC 16022 international standard; while requirements for QR codes are specified under the ISO/IEC 18004 international standard.

Best Practices for Implementing Data Matrix Codes in a Manufacturing Process

Implementing Data Matrix codes in a manufacturing process can significantly enhance traceability, efficiency, and accuracy. However, to fully leverage the advantages of this technology, it’s crucial to follow best practices tailored to the specific needs of your operations. 

Best practices for implementing Data Matrix codes include:

  • Ensuring that the code is applied in a location on the part that is less likely to be damaged or exposed to harsh conditions.
  • Using direct part marking methods like laser marking or dot peen to create a durable, permanent code that can withstand wear.
  • Regularly testing and verifying the readability of the code throughout the production process.
  • Incorporating advanced scanning equipment that can easily read Data Matrix codes, even when partially obscured or damaged.
  • Consulting with an industrial marking expert to ensure the correct code placement, size, and method of application for long-term durability.

 

Frequently Asked Questions About Data Matrix and QR Codes:

How Do the Error-Correcting Capabilities of Data Matrix Codes Compare to QR Codes in Practical Applications?

Data Matrix codes have more robust error-correcting features compared to QR codes. They can still be accurately read even when up to 50% of the code is damaged, making them more reliable in harsh environments like manufacturing or logistics. QR codes, on the other hand, lose readability once about 30% of the code is damaged, making them more prone to failure in industrial settings where wear and tear are common.

 

Are There Significant Cost Differences Between Implementing QR Code & Data Matrix Code Systems? 

The cost of implementing QR or Data Matrix codes can vary depending on factors such as the specific hardware and software used, the complexity of the system, and the volume of codes needed. In general, Data Matrix codes may be slightly more expensive to implement due to the specialized equipment required for their reading and writing. However, the long-term benefits of using Data Matrix codes, such as improved traceability and efficiency, can often outweigh the initial costs.

 

Are There Differences in Scanning Speed & Accuracy Between QR & Data Matrix Codes, Especially When Used in High-Speed Industrial Settings?

While both QR and Data Matrix codes can be scanned at high speeds, Data Matrix codes often have a slight advantage in terms of scanning accuracy. Their smaller size and denser data encoding make them less prone to misreading, especially in challenging conditions.

Direct Part Marking | Best Practices and Proven Methods 

Understanding the differences between QR codes and Data Matrix codes, and choosing which is best for your application can get overwhelming.  That’s why its important to consult a trusted advisor and partner. 

Technomark has been operating and supplying expertise with industrial marking equipment since 2000. Since 2018, Technomark North America has been the only established OEM of dot peen and laser marking systems — the primary methods for direct part marking — with a headquarters in the USA. 

Technomark has been at the forefront of industrial marking innovation, developing machines for seamless integration in manufacturing processes. 

Our goal is to help our customers:

  • Increase machine uptime
  • Decrease total cost of ownership
  • Make part marking and identification simple and cost-effective
  • Bring new ideas to the table to increase efficiency

Your relationship with Technomark North America shouldn’t be limited to a strict supplier-to-customer interaction. We value communication above all else, which is why our team is dedicated to finding ways to solve your traceability challenges through a consultative process.  

Interested in learning more about Direct Part Marking using Laser Technology? Check out our free ebook below: 

Industrial Laser Marking Guide Download

Laser Marking for Manufacturing 101

5 Industrial Laser Marking Applications to Know

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Laser Marked Component

What commonalities do DVD players, checkout lines at the grocery store, and industrial marking machines all share? Lasers.

But alas, not all lasers are the same.

Do you know what L.A.S.E.R. stands for? Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. In other words, it’s a highly concentrated beam of light. Lasers consist of a: 

  • Gain medium: A material that interacts with electrical currents to stimulate photons of light as they pass through.
  • Energy supply: Lasers typically receive their energy from electrical currents. These currents are “pumped” through the gain medium, stimulating atoms as light passes through. As the currents are pumped, the light accelerates within the gain medium.
  • A material to provide optical feedback: The materials selected for optical feedback serve one main purpose: steering the direction of the light beam.

More

Fiber Laser

Benefits of Choosing Fiber Laser

In the world of laser marking, precision and efficiency are key. Fiber lasers offer impressive performance for cutting, welding, and marking. They’re quickly becoming the go-to choice for industries aiming to up their game and cut down on downtime.

These lasers are not only durable but also deliver consistent performance, helping manufacturers lower maintenance costs and boost productivity. This makes fiber lasers a smart choice for staying competitive and achieving great results.

 

7 Key Benefits of Choosing Fiber Laser

Fiber lasers changed industrial processes with their cutting-edge technology, delivering precision and efficiency like never before. Picture a solution that combines exceptional performance with a compact, versatile design, all while keeping maintenance and costs to a minimum. These lasers have been a staple for decades, and here are seven reasons why:

  1. Precision and Beam Quality
  2.  Energy Efficiency
  3. Versatility
  4. Compact Design
  5. High Output Power
  6. Reliability and Low Maintenance
  7. Cost-Effectiveness

 

1. Precision and Beam Quality

Fiber lasers are celebrated for their remarkable precision, making them ideal for tasks that require detailed and intricate cuts. The high beam quality of this particular laser allows for a finely focused spot, which results in sharp, clean edges with minimum material waste.

This ability to deliver consistent accuracy is particularly valuable in industries like aerospace and electronics, where every detail matters. With this type of laser, you can achieve these precise results while reducing the need for additional finishing work.

2. Energy Efficiency

One of the standout features of fiber lasers is their exceptional energy efficiency. They achieve this by converting a large portion of electrical power into laser light, which significantly reduces energy waste. As a result, businesses see lower operational costs and a decreased carbon footprint. Opting for a laser like this not only cuts down on energy expenses but also supports a more sustainable approach to manufacturing.

3. Versatility

Fiber lasers are ideal for marking a diverse array of materials, including metals like steel and aluminum, as well as non-metals like plastics and wood. Their precision and versatility make them the preferred choice for tasks that require detailed and durable marks.

In addition to marking, fiber lasers are also highly effective for cutting and welding, effortlessly handling everything from delicate designs to heavy-duty cuts, and they excel in engraving for more intricate work.

4. Compact Design

Featuring a smaller footprint than many other laser types, fiber lasers are known for their space-efficient design. This compact form factor allows them to fit easily into existing setups, even in facilities with limited space. Businesses benefit from this design as it not only conserves floor space but also simplifies integration into existing workflows.

By optimizing space usage, the laser contributes to a more streamlined and efficient operation, reducing the need for extensive modifications and improving overall productivity.

5. High Output Power

When tackling demanding tasks that need intense, focused energy, fiber lasers excel with their high output power. This feature allows for continuous operation at high power levels, delivering smooth, uninterrupted performance.

Advanced heat dissipation systems effectively manage heat, preventing overheating and maintaining stability during long periods of use. This makes fiber technology an excellent choice where dependable and consistent output is needed.

6. Reliability and Low Maintenance

One of the biggest advantages of laser systems using fiber optics is how reliable they are with minimal upkeep. Thanks to their enclosed optical path, these lasers are shielded from dust and other particles, so you don’t have to worry about frequent maintenance.

Plus, they perform consistently well, even in challenging conditions like extreme temperatures and vibrations. This reliability means you can count on them to keep running smoothly, giving you peace of mind and fewer hassles.

7. Cost-Effectiveness

Significant cost savings come with choosing fiber lasers, thanks to their high energy efficiency. These lasers consume less power and have lower maintenance needs compared to traditional models, leading to reduced operational expenses over time. Their solid-state design eliminates many costly consumables and minimizes the frequency of repairs.

For high-volume production settings, this efficiency translates into a quicker return on investment (ROI) by lowering per-part processing costs and enhancing overall profitability. This cost-effectiveness not only boosts the bottom line but also positions these lasers as a long-term investment in productivity and profitability.

Comparison with Other Lasers

When it comes to choosing a laser, understanding how fiber lasers compare to other types of lasers can make all the difference. They often shine with their excellent beam quality and efficiency, as mentioned above, standing out from other lasers.

By exploring how fiber technology measures up against these alternatives, you’ll see why they might be the better choice for tasks like cutting, engraving, and marking. Let’s takes take a look at three different lasers and compare:

  1. Vs. CO2
  2. Vs. Bulk
  3. Vs. Direct Diode

1. Vs. CO2

When it comes to cutting metals, fiber lasers come out in front against CO2 lasers. They work faster and more efficiently, making them perfect for precision metal cuts. Their high-intensity beam cuts through metal with speed and accuracy.

CO2 lasers, on the other hand, are fantastic for non-metal materials like wood, acrylic, and plastics. They handle these materials with ease, making them great for detailed designs and larger pieces. So, while lasers with fiber optics are the go-to for metal, CO2 lasers shine when working with non-metal materials.

2. Vs. Bulk

The beam quality and stability of fiber lasers makes them ideal for precision tasks like cutting and engraving. Their design, which includes fiber-optic cables and laser diodes, keeps the beam consistently focused and precise over long distances, maintaining high accuracy in detailed work.

Bulk lasers might be preferred in applications that demand high peak power in short bursts, such as certain medical procedures or specialized material processing. With their solid-state or gas mediums, bulk lasers can also be more cost-effective in environments where maintaining complex fiber systems is challenging.

3. Vs. Direct Diode

Direct diode lasers excel in cutting speed, particularly with reflective materials like copper and brass. Their ability to handle back-reflection effectively makes them ideal for tasks requiring speed and a clean finish, giving them an edge in scenarios where efficiency is important.

Meanwhile, fiber lasers are known for their exceptional beam quality, making them a top choice for precision work. Their mature technology and durable design also offer high reliability and low maintenance, making them a trusted option for projects where accuracy and consistency are key.

Getting the Most from Your Fiber Laser

Fiber lasers stand out for their precision, speed, and efficiency, making them a great choice for many different applications. They’re also low-maintenance and energy-efficient, which helps save on costs and reduce downtime. By choosing a fiber laser that matches your specific needs—like the materials you’ll be working with and the speed you require—you’ll not only boost your productivity but also set yourself up for long-term success.

 

SONY DSC

The Science Behind Industrial Laser Marking Systems: Understanding Material Interactions

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Industrial laser marking systems are used across a wide range of industries and trusted for precision and accuracy to provide marks that are easy to read and stand up to wear and tear over time.

Laser marking machines are capable of marking on a variety of materials, but the material influences the adjustments that need to be made. For example, when the situation calls for laser engraving for metal, the type of metal and the surface preparation influence the quality of the mark and the potential for defects.

Understanding how the laser beam interacts with each type of material and what factors influence the final outcome can go a long way in avoiding defects or issues when industrial laser markers permanently mark products.

Thermal Effect and Marking Quality for Industrial Laser Marking Systems

Heat conduction and diffusion play a crucial role in influencing laser marking technologies and can significantly change the marking quality and efficiency on different materials. Understanding these thermal effects is essential for optimizing the laser marking parameters and achieving desired results.

Metals, especially those with high thermal conductivity (e.g., copper, aluminum), can rapidly dissipate heat away from the laser-material interaction zone, leading to reduced marking efficiency and potential heat-affected zones. Materials with lower thermal conductivity (e.g., plastics, ceramics) tend to localize the heat generated by the laser, resulting in more efficient marking and minimizing heat-affected zones.

When using short laser pulse durations (e.g., nanosecond, picosecond, femtosecond) for marking applications, the heat diffusion during the pulse is minimal, leading to more localized energy deposition and reduced heat-affected zones. With longer pulse durations (e.g., millisecond), heat diffusion becomes more significant, potentially causing larger heat-affected zones and undesirable effects like melting or distortion around the marked area.

Materials with high thermal conductivity (e.g., metals) can rapidly dissipate heat, making it challenging to achieve efficient marking without using higher laser powers or shorter pulse durations. Materials with low thermal diffusivity (e.g., ceramics, some polymers) can better confine the heat to the laser-material interaction zone, improving marking efficiency and reducing heat-affected zones.

For thin materials or substrates, heat dissipation can occur rapidly through the material thickness, potentially affecting marking quality and efficiency. Thicker materials or substrates can better confine the heat, leading to more efficient marking, but also increasing the risk of heat accumulation and potential material degradation. Complex geometries or curvatures can influence heat flow and dissipation, affecting the marking process and requiring adjustments to laser parameters or beam delivery optics.

Another area of consideration is the marking strategies that will be implemented and the potential for heat accumulation. The use of specific scanning patterns (e.g., hatching, spiraling) can influence heat accumulation and dissipation, impacting marking quality and efficiency. Meanwhile, overlapping laser pulses or scans can lead to heat accumulation as well, potentially causing material degradation or undesirable effects.

Another option is the choice to employ pulsing strategies, such as pulse bursts. This approach can help manage heat accumulation and dissipation, improving marking quality and reducing heat-affected zones.

Proper control and management of heat conduction and diffusion can lead to improved marking efficiency, reduced heat-affected zones, and better overall marking quality. In some cases, active cooling techniques (e.g., air or liquid cooling) or auxiliary processes (e.g., pre-heating or post-cooling) may be employed to further manage heat effects and achieve desired marking results on specific materials or applications.

Laser Marking Optimization Tips for Industrial Laser Marking Systems

To optimize laser marking based on the interaction with different materials, several key parameters need to be considered and adjusted. Here’s an outline of the best ways to generate high-quality part marking, focusing on factors such as wavelength, power, pulse duration, and beam quality:

Wavelength selection:The wavelength of the laser should be chosen based on the material’s absorption characteristics. For metals for example, longer wavelengths can mark products efficiently. Some materials may exhibit better absorption at specific wavelengths due to their chemical composition or color pigments.

 

Power and pulse duration:Higher power and shorter pulse durations are generally preferred for efficient material removal or ablation. For metals, higher power and shorter pulses can promote melting, vaporization, and oxidation processes. For non-metals, lower power and longer pulses may be better suited to prevent excessive material degradation or charring. The optimal combination of power and pulse duration depends on the material’s thermal properties and the desired marking quality.

 

Beam quality and focusing:A high-quality laser beam with good focus and consistent intensity distribution is crucial for precise and consistent marking. Proper beam focusing can concentrate the laser energy onto a small area, increasing the energy density and improving marking efficiency. Factors like beam divergence, mode quality, and focal spot size should be optimized for the specific material and marking requirements.

 

Scanning and overlapping:For larger marking areas or complex patterns, the laser beam may need to be scanned or overlapped across the surface. The scanning speed, overlapping percentage, and scanning strategy (e.g., hatching, spiraling) can affect the marking quality and efficiency. Optimizing these parameters can ensure uniform marking and minimize heat-affected zones or material damage.

 

Surface preparation:Proper surface preparation can significantly improve marking quality and contrast. Cleaning and degreasing the surface can enhance laser absorption and reduce contamination. Applying contrast-enhancing coatings or primers can increase marking visibility on certain materials, especially non-metals.

 

Environmental considerations:Factors like ambient temperature, humidity, and atmospheric conditions can influence the laser-material interaction and marking results. Controlling these environmental factors or adjusting the laser parameters accordingly can ensure consistent marking performance.

 

Material testing and characterization:Conducting material testing and characterization is essential for optimizing laser marking parameters. Techniques like spectroscopy, thermal analysis, and microscopy can provide insights into the material’s optical, thermal, and physical properties. This information can guide the selection of appropriate laser parameters and marking strategies.

 

Material Interaction and Industrial Laser Marking Machine Settings

Finding the optimal laser marking solution is an iterative process that may require extensive testing and adjustment of multiple parameters. Collaboration between material scientists, laser experts, and application engineers is often necessary to achieve the desired marking quality, efficiency, and durability for specific materials and applications.

Proper selection of laser parameters, such as wavelength, power, pulse duration, and beam characteristics, is crucial for achieving optimal marking results. The laser parameters should be adjusted to match the specific material composition and desired marking quality. Depending on the carbon fiber composite material and the desired marking contrast, surface preparation techniques, such as applying contrast-enhancing coatings or primers, may be necessary to improve marking visibility and durability.

Ready to Learn More About Laser Marking?

Our resource library offers multiple options for further reading to provide a better understanding of what your needs might be with laser marking systems. For example, we have this resource you can take with you: 

Buddy-120-new-metallurgie-EN

Buddy, the Portable Dot Peen Marking Machine, is now available in 120

Buddy, the Dot Peen Marking Machine controlled by a smartphone, is now available in both 60 and 120. Available for months in a 60, a larger marking window is now added to the range to meet the needs of an increasing number of users.

60 or 120, make your choice!

Press Release

The new 120 offers a larger size for more possibilities. With a 120*60mm  marking window available, the Buddy provides more opportunity for larger, complex markings. Already considered a must-have in its 60 version, the XL one is likely to be a success!

What exactly is Buddy?

It’s the latest addition to Technomark’s Connect.series range (electromagnetic dot peen marking machine) designed to meet the needs of those who require 100% nomadic use. Available since the end of 2022 in size 60, it’s now available in size 120.

With today’s availability of smartphones, the operator can move around freely. The smartphone acts as a control unit within a 10-meter radius of the head. The user can now mark in both indoor and outdoor environments without any limits.

The smartphone application Connect.app was developed by Technomark. The app is compatible with Android 10+ and is available on Google Play. Its intuitive user experience allows the user to create, set and launch markings quickly and easily with their smartphone.

In terms of connectivity, the marking head communicates with the smartphone via a secured WiFi protocol and the application allows real time marking data and maintenance feedback.

Download App

The embedded technology content in the Connect.series marking head is still the same and provides the same quality performance as the Buddy 60. This model weighs in at 7.05lbs, only 0.88lbs more than the 60 version. Whether you’re opting for the 60 or 120 version, Buddy really has everything to meet the needs of its users.

For more information about Dot Peen Technology, view our technology page. For more information about our machines or to meet our sales team, contact us today. 

 

iStock-896164210-1160x665 1 (1)

Laser Etching vs. Engraving: What to Know

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Laser marking, also known as laser engraving or laser etching, is a precise and permanent method of adding marks or designs to various materials. It uses a high-intensity laser beam to alter the surface of the material, resulting in marks that can range from logos and text to intricate patterns.

With both etching and engraving, precision and permanence are key. Whether you’re in the business of personalizing gifts or manufacturing industrial parts, choosing the right laser technology can make all the difference. When considering the two primary methods, laser etching vs. engraving, both provide accuracy but only one can lead to the right final product, depending on your goals. 

While laser etching and laser engraving are terms that are used interchangeably, there is a notable difference between the two laser marking processes: the depth of the mark left on the product. When laser etching is used, the mark is typically 0.0001”, while laser engraving 0.0001-0.0005” in depth. Meanwhile, deep engraving is considered any mark deeper than 0.0005”. 

Another difference between the two is the process of creating the mark itself. While laser etching uses a beam of focused light, laser engraving uses a rotating lens to direct incoming beams to the surface of the product to create the mark. 

Choosing the right method for your needs can depend on other factors than the process itself, including: 

  • Material being marked
  • Environment 
  • Setup costs
  • Wear and tear on materials
  • Speed
  • Precision

 

What is Laser Engraving?

Laser engraving is an art form that can be seen in many different materials, from metal to wood and plastic. It is a delicate process that requires extreme precision, as the smallest mistake can ruin a project or result in permanent damage to the material. The technique works by using a high-powered laser beam to vaporize or cut away thin layers of the material being engraved, much like sandblasting, but with more control and accuracy over depth and shape. This allows for high contrast marks to be added with amazing precision, resulting in clean lines and smooth surfaces. Additionally, with the right laser engraving machine and setup, laser engraving can be done quickly without sacrificing detail or accuracy.

This makes the laser engraving process perfect for projects where exact detail is required, such as commercial part marking for medical implants or industrial parts. In these cases, choosing the right laser marking technique can make all the difference; not only will it give you better results but it can also save time and money on production costs.

 

Pros and Cons of Laser Engraving

Laser engraving offers a lot of advantages over other methods such as sandblasting or chemical etching. One of the greatest advantages is speed; laser engraving can be done much quicker than traditional methods, allowing for high production rates when dealing with large amounts of parts. Additionally, laser engraving provides more control over the depth and shape of the engraved area, allowing for intricate details to be added with amazing precision.

With laser engraving, accuracy and replication are extremely important. The speed of the process is also a great advantage as it allows for quick turnaround times on orders. Laser engraving can be used to add text, logos, or other images to items quickly and with amazing precision. Additionally, because it’s non-contact, there are no worries about wear and tear on the parts like with traditional methods.

However, there are some limitations to keep in mind when using laser engraving. The process is limited to certain materials that can absorb the energy from the laser beam without being damaged. Metals such as aluminum and stainless steel are common choices, but other materials like glass and plastic can also be engraved. Additionally, laser engraving can be expensive to set up since it requires specialized equipment and the cost of laser engraving varies depending on the complexity and size of the job. Large jobs can take longer to complete and require more equipment or materials which can add to the overall price tag. 

It’s also important to consider the environment when using laser engraving. The process generates fumes and particles that can be hazardous if proper ventilation is not present. Wearing protective gear, such as safety glasses and gloves when operating the laser in order to protect against eye damage or burns, is also a best practice. Lastly, lasers require constant maintenance and adjustments in order to stay operational. This can add up over time so it’s important to factor that into cost estimates.

 

What is Laser Etching?

Laser etching is a surface alteration process that uses a laser beam to create an indelible mark on a variety of materials. It’s widely used in industries such as product manufacturing, packaging, and labeling for branding, customization, and personalization. In some cases, it can also be used for decorative purposes like creating intricate designs on wood or other surfaces.

Laser etching works by using intense beams of light to penetrate the surface of the material and create very fine lines or tiny holes. The laser etching process can be controlled with precision allowing for deeper engraving or shallower marking of the material’s surface. This makes laser etching incredibly versatile as it can be used to mark various materials with different depths, whether for promotional purposes or decorative effects.

 

Pros and Cons of Laser Etching

Laser etching is ideal for making unique designs on surfaces with precision and accuracy. For example, jewelry designers can use laser etching to engrave special messages or patterns on rings, earrings, and other pieces of jewelry. 

Laser etching is an incredibly versatile tool in many different industries thanks to its precise marking capabilities and compatibility with different materials. However, laser etching is typically not the best method to use for marking parts in the automotive industry. This is because most parts are made of metal that require a more heavy-duty engraving method such as deep-cut or rotary engraving. 

The strength and longevity of these methods make them a better choice for long-term applications, especially in areas where high temperatures can cause regular laser etching to fade easily. Additionally, deep-cut and rotary engravings can create very intricate designs and shapes much more effectively than laser etching can.

 

Laser Etching vs. Engraving | Next Steps

Choosing the right method for creating marks on your product requires attention to the speed needed, the material being marked, the precision, and other factors. With these criteria in mind, choosing the right etching tools or engraving machines for optimal efficiency is manageable. 

 

Make the Right Decision

If you are still undecided about the best methods for part traceability on your production line, consider the following resource: 

 

(Editor’s Note: This blog was originally published in October 2023 and was updated in May 2024 with the most current information.)

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Choosing the Right Material: A Decision-Maker’s Guide to Laser Marking Machines

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Laser marking machines use less energy to produce more durable markings. This is important to various industries where the mark must be readable despite exposure to extreme weather or other environmental influences. Which type of laser you need is dependent on some of the characteristics each laser is known for. To start, let’s dive into the differences between fiber lasers and CO2 lasers.

Fiber lasers stand out as powerful, solid-state laser sources designed with precision for cutting and welding tasks. At their core, they harness doped optical fibers to amplify light, starting with a seed laser beam that intensifies as it travels through an optical fiber filled with special amplifying material. This process, further refined by a series of optical mirrors, culminates in a beam of significantly higher power than its original input.

What sets fiber lasers apart from traditional CO2 lasers are their noteworthy advantages, which include enhanced precision, extended lifespans, reduced maintenance costs, and greater energy efficiency. These benefits make fiber lasers a remarkably reliable and efficient option, providing consistent, permanent marks swiftly and with minimal waste or downtime. As a result, fiber lasers have earned their place as a preferred technology across various industrial applications, offering a friendly and professional solution that meets the high standards of today’s manufacturing and processing industries.

CO2 lasers utilize carbon dioxide gas to produce a beam of infrared light, renowned for its high accuracy and ability to create detailed designs with complex shapes.

This technology enables faster cutting speeds and the capability to engrave intricate patterns on a variety of materials, making it suitable for precision applications that demand quick turnaround times. Its broad beam also allows for efficient coverage of large areas, enhancing productivity. Notably cost-effective and versatile, CO2 lasers boast higher power outputs, cutting through tough materials like steel with ease. Their application spans numerous industries, including woodworking where they’re used for precise engraving and cutting, metal fabrication, and even in medical fields, demonstrating their wide-ranging utility and effectiveness.

Materials Compatible with Laser Marking

Laser marking technology offers a versatile and efficient means of engraving and marking numerous materials, each with its unique characteristics and suitability for different applications.

From the natural beauty of wood, which provides a classic, warm finish, to the durability and precision required for metals like stainless steel and aluminum, laser marking systems cater to a broad spectrum of materials. Plastics, with their vast diversity in composition, also present a canvas for laser marking, allowing for both clear and contrasted markings.

The choice of material not only influences the aesthetic outcome but also dictates the type of laser system required—be it CO2, fiber, or another laser technology—to achieve optimal results. Understanding the properties of these materials is crucial for selecting the right laser marking system and ensuring high-quality, lasting marks.

Common materials marked using laser marking systems:

Metals: Stainless steel, Steel, Carbide, Titanium, Aluminum, Gold
Plastics: ABS, Polycarbonate, Polyamide
Other materials: Wood, Glass, Ceramic

Factors to Consider When Choosing Material for Laser Marking

Selecting the appropriate laser marking system necessitates compatibility with the materials intended for marking or engraving. Different materials such as stone, glass, or metal demand varied types of lasers and power levels. For instance, CO2 lasers excel in engraving organic materials (like wood or glass), plastics, and certain metals, but they might struggle with stainless steel due to its high reflectivity.

Conversely, fiber lasers, with their higher power output, are better suited for marking metals like aluminum, brass, and titanium. Hence, determining the material to be marked or engraved is crucial before settling on a laser marking machine.

When choosing the appropriate laser marking machine, the following need to be taken into consideration:
– Material properties: Each material that can be marked has different absorption rates, heat resistance levels, and distinguishing characteristics. All of these must be weighed when choosing the right marking machines to work with for traceability purposes.
– Desired outcome: Factors like the marking quality, depth, and durability also make a big difference when evaluating what marking machine will fit best with your production needs.
– Environmental considerations: These marks are meant to last throughout the lifespan of the product. However, for parts that are used in space, for example, the rate of exposure to elements and temperature changes dictate which marking method would be preferable. (And different parts used in aerospace production are marked differently. Check out our blog Laser Marking vs Dot Peen Marking Machines: Best Use Case by Industry for more info on that.)
– Regulatory and safety standards: The regulations for part durability and traceability are different for the various industries that rely on part marking for different reasons. Therefore, the part marking must meet various standards while supplying reliability in the long term.

Looking for more information on laser marking? Check out our resource library:
Laser Etching vs. Engraving: What to Know
Industrial Laser Marking Applications: 5 to Know
The Ins & Outs of Industrial Laser Marking Machines
6 Tips for Choosing the Best Laser Marking System for Your Business Needs

Tips for Optimizing Material Choice and Laser Marking Process

When it comes to material preparation and handling, it is important to have an idea of what that process looks like for your product and how laser marking machines can be used most efficiently.

The quality of the final mark can also depend on the condition of the material being marked. Ensure that the surface is clean and free from oils, dust, or any other contaminants before marking. For materials with varying surface qualities or coatings, it might be necessary to do some test runs to determine the optimal laser settings for consistent results. Proper material preparation can significantly impact the consistency and quality of the laser markings.

Different materials and marking depths require different laser parameters such as power, speed, frequency, and focus. Regularly calibrating your machine and doing test runs on sample materials allows you to fine-tune these settings for each specific task.

Keeping a log of the optimal settings for various materials and applications can help you quickly achieve consistent results without the need for extensive trial and error. Testing on the material to be marked and including tests on any prototypes is the best way to move forward efficiently.

Maintaining consistent marking quality with a laser marking machine is essential for ensuring high standards across all your projects. Here are three key tips to achieve this:

Create a regular maintenance schedule: Like any precision instrument, a laser marking machine requires regular maintenance and cleaning to perform at its best. This involves cleaning the lenses and mirrors to prevent any build-up of debris that could distort the laser beam. Also, ensure that all moving parts are well-lubricated and that the machine is checked periodically for any signs of wear or damage. Keeping the machine clean and well-maintained will help in achieving consistent marking quality.
Use high-quality consumables and components: The quality of the consumables, such as lenses, mirrors, and the laser source itself, plays a crucial role in the consistency and quality of the markings produced. Investing in high-quality consumables and components can make a significant difference. Over time, components can degrade, affecting the laser’s performance. Regularly inspecting and, when necessary, replacing these parts with quality replacements ensures that the laser operates at peak efficiency, producing consistent, high-quality marks. This approach not only maintains marking quality but also extends the overall lifespan of your laser marking machine.

Technomark offers free tests on your parts to ensure laser marking is the right solution. We can also provide training to help users succeed in their advanced marking settings.

Marking Machines and Today’s Production Challenges

Laser marking machines provide efficiency and reduced energy consumption while marking materials that don’t get the same durability of marks from other marking methods. For that reason, it is important to consider all factors when determining the right marking machine for the material you are marking. Remember to weigh all the factors and give the testing period a lot of attention to make sure your ROI is as expected when production begins in earnest. 

Still wondering about laser marking? Take this resource with you: